Lazarus species, named after the biblical figure who was resurrected from the dead, are creatures that were once believed to be extinct only to be rediscovered alive. These surprising reappearances challenge everyone's understanding of species resilience and extinction, reminding people that nature often holds unexpected surprises.
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Much like places from myth that were actually discovered to exist, the rediscovery of Lazarus species has profound implications for conservation biology. It highlights the importance of preserving even the most seemingly insignificant species, as they may hold valuable ecological roles and genetic diversity.
With that, here are several creatures presumed extinct that were rediscovered and found alive and well.
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7 The Coelacanth
Presumed extinct for 66 million years until rediscovery in 1938
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South Africa has a ton of beautiful cities, but it boasts far more than that; it's also home to a living fossil! The coelacanth is a remarkable creature that has roamed the oceans for over 400 million years.
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Once believed to have gone extinct along with the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, the coelacanth made a stunning comeback when it was rediscovered off the coast of South Africa in 1938.
The discovery of the coelacanth sent shockwaves through the scientific community. Its primitive features, such as its lobed fins and bony skull, closely resembled those of ancient fish fossils.
This led scientists to dub the coelacanth a "living fossil," a term used to describe organisms that have remained virtually unchanged for millions of years.
Period:
Dates back 400 million years.
Rediscovery:
Caught off the coast of South Africa; it initially shocked scientists with its prehistoric characteristics.
Significance:
By studying this ancient fish, scientists can learn more about the transition from water to land and the development of limbs and other key features of terrestrial vertebrates.
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It is one of the oldest living species of fish, dating back to the Devonian period.
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6 The Laotian Rock Rat
Presumed extinct until rediscovered in Laos markets in 2005
Young male Laotian rock rat
Sure, there are many incredible things to do in Laos, but one of the best things is to see a real-life living fossil: the Laotian rock rat!
The Laotian rock rat, a small rodent native to Laos, was once believed to be extinct. However, in a surprising twist of fate, this ancient species was rediscovered in the local markets of Laos in 2005. The discovery of the Laotian rock rat was a significant milestone for conservation biology.
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It revealed that this species, which belonged to an ancient lineage, had somehow managed to survive despite being presumed extinct. The rediscovery of the Laotian rock rat offers valuable insights into the diversity of mammalian life and the importance of ongoing conservation efforts.
Period:
Dates back to an ancient lineage, approximately 11 million years ago
Rediscovery:
Identified in food markets; a new genus of rodents.
Significance:
Its rediscovery has provided valuable insights into the evolution of mammals and the hidden biodiversity that exists in remote regions of the world.
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5 The Bermuda Petrel
Believed extinct for 300 years; rediscovered in 1951
Bermuda Petrel From The Crossley ID Guide Eastern Birds
The Bermuda petrel is another remarkable example of a Lazarus species. Believed to have gone extinct about 300 years ago due to human activities, this seabird was rediscovered in 1951 nesting on remote islets off the coast of Bermuda.
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The Bermuda petrel's rediscovery was a cause for celebration. It marked a significant victory for conservation efforts and demonstrated nature's resilience. Extensive conservation measures, including habitat restoration and protection, have helped boost this once-endangered bird's population.
Period:
Ancient lineage, dating back hundreds of years.
Rediscovery:
Found nesting on islets in Castle Harbor, Bermuda, in 1951
Significance:
The Bermuda petrel's story serves as an inspiration for conservationists and a reminder of the importance of protecting our planet's biodiversity.
This animal is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List .
4 The Lord Howe Island Stick Insect
Presumed extinct after rat invasions in the early 20th century
The Lord Howe Island Stick Insect on a palm
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The Lord Howe Island stick insect is a relatively modern species, dating back to 1921. However, it was presumed extinct after rats were introduced to Lord Howe Island in the early 20th century. These invasive rodents preyed on the stick insects, driving them to the brink of extinction.
In 2001, a team of scientists made a groundbreaking discovery. They found a small population of Lord Howe Island stick insects living on Ball's Pyramid, a remote volcanic island located about 14 miles south of Lord Howe Island. This unexpected find breathed new life into the species. Today, it's considered one of the many natural wonders on Lord Howe Island.
Period:
A relatively modern lineage, dating back to 1921.
Rediscovery:
Found alive by a group of scientists on Ball's Pyramid in 2001.
Significance:
Thanks to intensive efforts to eradicate rats from Ball's Pyramid and establish captive breeding programs, the population of this species has rebounded.
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3 The Goblin Shark
Thought to have been extinct until modern specimens were found in deep-sea waters
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The goblin shark is a truly bizarre and fascinating creature that has roamed the oceans for over 100 million years. Once thought to have gone extinct, this deep-sea fish was rediscovered in the 1800s off the coast of Japan.
Known for its distinctive appearance, the goblin shark, one of the strangest things found in the deep sea, has a long, pointed snout, large eyes, and a retractable jaw that protrudes outward when it attacks prey.
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Its unique features have earned it the nickname "living fossil," as it closely resembles ancient shark species found in the fossil record.
Period:
Dates back over 100 million years.
Rediscovery:
Spotted in Japan in 1897 by a Japanese fisherman.
Significance:
The discovery of the goblin shark has helped scientists understand the diversity of life in the deep sea. It is a reminder that there are still many undiscovered species waiting to be found in the ocean's depths.
The goblin shark is a deep-sea dweller, typically found in depths ranging from 100 to 1,300 meters.
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2 The Chacoan Peccary
Thought extinct until rediscovery in the 1970s in South America
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The Chacoan peccary is a remarkable example of a Lazarus species. This small, pig-like mammal was once thought to be extinct, dating back to an ancient lineage that stretches millions of years. However, in the 1970s, the Chacoan peccary was rediscovered in the Chaco region of South America by a group of western scientists.
The rediscovery of the Chacoan peccary was a significant milestone for conservation efforts. This species has adapted to the harsh desert environment, developing unique traits that allowed it to survive in such extreme conditions.
Period:
Ancestor dates back millions of years; at least 8 million years!
Rediscovery:
Found in the Chaco region of South America.
Significance:
The rediscovery of this species has led to increased conservation efforts to protect its habitat and ensure its continued survival.
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1 The Takahe
Presumed extinct in 1898; rediscovered in 1948
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The takahe is a unique bird species native to New Zealand. Twice thought to be extinct by the late 19th century, once in 1850 and again in 1898, the takahe made a remarkable comeback when it was rediscovered in 1948.
The takahe's survival is a testament to the power of conservation efforts. Thanks to intensive conservation programs, the takahe population has rebounded from the brink of extinction. The species is now considered to be out of danger, and it has become a symbol of New Zealand's unique wildlife. Its population is growing at eight percent a year!
Period:
Unique lineage native to New Zealand.
Rediscovery:
Found in remote mountain areas of New Zealand.
Significance:
The takahe's rediscovery highlights the importance of protecting biodiversity and the need for ongoing conservation efforts. Today, the takahe is a symbol of New Zealand's commitment to conservation.
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The rediscovery of Lazarus species has profound implications for biodiversity and conservation. By studying Lazarus species, scientists can gain valuable insights into the factors that drive species extinction and survival.
This information can be used to develop more effective conservation strategies and protect vulnerable species from disappearing forever. There may be many other Lazarus species waiting to be discovered, hidden in remote corners of the world!